Caribbean Studies Free Essays

CARIBBEAN STUDIES QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS: CAPE 2005 MODULE ONE: CARIBBEAN SOCIETY AND CULTURE 1. Identify the geographical sub-region to which St Lucia, Grenada and Antigua belong. (1 mark) – The Lesser Antilles 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Caribbean Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now Name the chain of islands in the Caribbean which is located entirely in the Atlantic Ocean. (1 mark) * The Bahamas * 3. Explain what is meant by a ‘historical’ definition of the Caribbean region. (2 marks) * This describes those islands that saw the impact of colonialism, slavery and indentureship 4. Identify TWO of the boundaries of the ‘geological’ Caribbean. 2 marks) * North- the line of the Greater Antilles * East – the line of Lesser Antilles * South – a line through Trinidad, Northern Venezuela and Colombia * West – the Western pacific Coast of Central America 5. Outline TWO different interpretations of the term culture. (4 marks) * Culture defines and characterizes aspects of lifestyles that may be peculiar to a particular society * Culture refers to the beliefs of a group of people 6. List TWO ways in which the term ‘society’ can be defined. (2 marks) * People having a shared common purpose People occupying a define d territorial space * Citizens within a defined space 7. Describe TWO problems that may arise in Caribbean society because of hybridization. (6 marks) * Hybridization can lead to the creation of new cultures, when two or more cultures come into contact with each other. * Hybridization may lead to two or more cultures trying to claim cultural, economic or political space * Some races may assume a sense of superiority over races, based on the old plantation system and social stratification. 8. Describe TWO responses of Caribbean people to oppression. 4 marks) * Creation of Trade Unions * Migration – intra Caribbean and extra regional * Crime and Violence * Riots * Active Resistance – disobedience, revolts, rebellions and revolutions 9. Explain ONE way in which religion has impacted on Caribbean people. (2 marks) * Religion was used as a means of retaining ancestral links * It was a decisive element in multi- religious societies, for example, Trinidad and Guyana (Christia n, Hindu and Moslem) * It was a factor used in the expansion of education in Caribbean territories. In the aftermath of emancipation, many primary schools were opened by missionaries and religious organizations and today they continue to work. * Religion offered a source of comfort or a source of empowerment while experiencing violence, oppression and genocide 10. Describe TWO ways in which the Cuban residents in the United States impact on American politics. (4 marks) * They formed pressure groups to coerce Washington to continue to enforce the economic blockade against Cuba. * A large population of Cubans in Miami influence voting and governance in the US. They actively supported the Helms Burton Act of 1996 which seeks to establish and maintain international sanctions against the Castro government and plan for a transitional government leading to a democratically elected government 11. Explain ONE way in which Caribbean migrant labour impacts on the economies of the countries of North America. (2 marks) * Helps to keep wages very low as a very large amount of migrants keep wages at minimum wage levels MODULE TWO: ISSUES IN CARIBBEAN DEVELOPMENT 12. Explain what is meant by ‘development’. 2 marks) * Development is the ability of a country to advance economically, measured by changes in its per capita income as well as by the human development index which includes life expectancy and educational attainment. 13. List TWO indicators of development. ( 2 marks) * National income * Levels of unemployment 14. Identify TWO factors that influence development. (2 marks) * Distribution of wealth * Political ideologies * Gender equality * Natural disasters * Impact of the productive sector – investment 15. Explain the term ‘globalisation’. (2 marks) 16. Identify ONE international organization that facilitates globalization. (1 mark) 17. State One effect of globalization on EACH of the following: Labour, Trade, Ideology 18. Identify TWO challenges faced by either Carifta or The West Indies Federation. ( 2 marks) CARIFTA * Unemployment rates and poverty * Leadership issues: Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago * Inabilty to implement regional decisions * Wide disparity among members in terms of per capita income WEST INDIES FEDERATION Disputes over movement of people from one country to another * Insularity/ parochialism * Leadership issues: Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago * Federal Government had no power 19. State how EACH of the following institions has contributed to development of the region: CTO: Caribbean Tourism Organisation * Creation of a single voice in the international arena * Provision of a sound body of knowledge through data collection, collation and research * De velopment and promotion of regional travel tourism programmes to and within the Caribbean * Provision of a sound body of knowledge 20. How to cite Caribbean Studies, Essay examples Caribbean Studies Free Essays Today, education programs at all levels face intense criticism, and physical education programs are no exception. In fact, as school budgets shrink and administrators cut â€Å"frills,† physical education may be one of the first programs to go. If we are to secure a place for physical education in the school curriculum, we must answer two questions: (1) What are the physical, psychological, and intellectual effects of physical education upon the total development of the child? and (2) Given these effects, can physical education be considered a frill? What are the physical benefits of physical education? Recent research has shown that degenerative diseases begin in early childhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Caribbean Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now As Kaercher (1 98 1) wrote, â€Å"There’s increasing evidence in youngsters of high cholesterol in the blood, high blood pressure, obesity and other conditions that are associated with heart disease, stroke and other disorders† (p. 20). Bucher (1982) stated that medical specialists blame deaths due to heart disease, cancer, and stroke largely on â€Å"changes in lifestyle characterized by factors over which doctors have little or no control† (p. 13). Research suggests that regular physical activity, begun in childhood, may help prevent degenerative diseases. According to Hanson (1974), â€Å"The necessity of physical activity for a growing child is well-documented in terms of growth and fitness needs. Physical activity increases muscle tone, improves respiration and circulation, benefits digestion, aids in controlling obesity, promotes rehabilitation after illness and surgery, and stimulates proper growth and development. Physical benefits alone could be sufficient reason for supporting physical education programs†¦ † (p. 2). And Reiff (1977, p. 26) reported that high school students involved in an eight-week program of physical activity showed gains in fitness. In addition, Fentem and Bassey (1982) pointed out that â€Å"Exercise is a valuable adjunct to dietary control in prevention and treatment of obesity because it increases energy expenditure and improves energy balance† (p. 2). Studies indicate that children in free play settings will not engage in physical activity vigorous enough to produce physical benefits or enhance health, thus supporting the need for physical education (Reiff 1977, p. 6). What are the psychological/social benefits of physical education? Physical activity enhances a person’s life both socially and psychologically. Studies have shown that physical activity may modify anxiety and depression (Sachs 1982, p. 44). Layman (1972, p. 5) gave evidence that poor physical condition predisposes individuals to poor mental health. Hanson (1974, p. 2) stated that â€Å"physical activity contributes to the general feeling of well-being †¦. It is an avenue for expression of anger, aggression and happiness . . a means for discovery of self as well as a social facilitator. † Moreover, according to Espenschade (1960), â€Å"The status of the elementary school child with his peers is dependent to a great extent on his motor skills and his behavior in game situations† (p. 3). Clarke (1982, p. 10) added to these statements, suggesting that the child’s realization of personal and social effectiveness relies heavily on guidance within the physical education experience. Guidance helps the individual adopt desirable modes of behavior and improve interpersonal relationships. What are the mental//intellectual benefits of physical education? Research shows a positive relationship between physical activity and academic achievement. In one study, begun in 1951 in an elementary school in Vanves, France, the school day was divided so that four hours were devoted to academics and one to two hours to physical education, art, music, and supervised study (Bailey 1976). By 1960, not only were health, fitness, discipline, and enthusiasm superior in the experimental program, but academic performance also surpassed controlled classes. Similar experiments in Belgium and Japan produced comparable results (Carlson 1982, p. 68), illustrating the importance of physical education to a successful academic program. How does physical education affect children’s development of wholesome recreation habits? The importance of wise use of leisure time was supported as early as 1918 in the Seven Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education (National Education Association). Children need recreational skills and a positive attitude toward exercise to enhance their use of leisure. Indeed, â€Å"Research indicates that motor skills learned in physical education classes may be the stimulus for increased activity during leisure time (Seefeldt 1977, p. 3). Gilliam and others demonstrated that physical education programs involving vigorous activities encourage participants to use leisure time more actively (p. 3). Thus, physical education can play a major role in promoting an active, healthy lifestyle. How to cite Caribbean Studies, Essay examples